Iran protests: What happened on Zahedan’s ‘Bloody Friday’?

PARIS: Iranian security forces have massacred over 80 people in the southeastern city of Zahedan in Sistan-Baluchestan province, in a crackdown on protests that erupted as Iran is convulsed by nationwide demonstrations, rights activists charge.

President Ebrahim Raisi has ordered an investigation into the unrest that started on September 30 after Friday prayers, which officials have characterised as attacks by “extremists” on police stations.

Activists however say the horrifying images of bloodied corpses with bullet wounds are emblematic of Tehran´s repressive polices towards a poor ethnic minority region. Zahedan is the main city of Sistan-Baluchestan, Iran´s poorest region, on the border with Pakistan. Zahedan is one of Iran´s few Sunni-majority cities and the region is populated by the Baluch ethnic minority.

Activists have long complained the region has been the victim of discrimination by Iran´s Shia clerical leadership, with disproportionate numbers of Baluch killed in clashes every year and also hanged in executions.

The region has been the scene of attacks on the Iranian security forces that Tehran has blamed on Sunni extremist groups, while the border area is also seen as a hub for drug smuggling by armed gangs.

Amnesty International said that in 2021 at least 19 percent of all executions were of members of the Baluchi minority, who it said make up five percent of Iran´s population. “Killing Baluch does not cost much for the Iranian government,” said Abdollah Aref, director of the UK-based Baluch Activists Campaign (BAC).

The unrest erupted two weeks into nationwide protests in Iran over the death of Mahsa Amini, who had been arrested by the notorious morality police. However the trigger for the protests were accusations that a regional police chief had raped a 15-year-old-girl in custody in the port city of Chabahar, also in Sistan-Baluchestan. It is not clear why she was detained.

The accusation had been made public last month by the Friday prayer leader in the town of Rask south of Zahedan, prompting protests that then spread to the main city of the region. According to Aref, a protest was planned after Friday prayers in Zahedan on September 30. Demonstrators then headed to the police station to protest the rape and also shouted slogans against supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

Amnesty said “a minority” of protesters threw stones at the police station. Security forces responded by firing “live ammunition, metal pellets and teargas”, including from the roof of the police station.

The protests then spread across the city, targeting other police stations, said Aref. “The police sought to send a message,” he added. Internet monitor Netblocks reported access disruptions in Zahedan. According to Amnesty, 82 people have been killed, with 66 losing their lives on September 30 alone, including three children.