As Karachi continues to grapple with rising temperatures, the effects on productivity are becoming increasingly evident. You! takes a look…
health
With the city experiencing more frequent and intense heatwaves, the relationship between high temperatures and decreased productivity is a growing concern for employers, workers, and policymakers alike. Karachi, known for its scorching summers, is facing an exacerbation of heat-related challenges. The city’s average temperatures have been steadily climbing, with heatwaves becoming more intense and prolonged. According to meteorological data, Karachi has experienced a rise in the frequency of extreme heat days, which is expected to continue due to global climate change. These higher temperatures not only impact the health of residents but also have significant implications for workplace productivity.
Research has consistently shown that high temperatures can negatively affect cognitive functions and physical performance. In a hot work environment, employees are more likely to experience discomfort, dehydration, and heat stress, all of which can lead to decreased efficiency and increased error rates. A study conducted by the International Labour Organization (ILO) highlights that productivity declines when workplace temperatures exceed 30°C (86°F), a threshold that Karachi frequently surpasses during its sweltering summers. Studies suggest that the combination of heat and humidity can reduce cognitive performance by up to 30 per cent, affecting overall productivity.
For workers in industries such as construction, manufacturing, and agriculture, the impact of heat is even more pronounced. Prolonged exposure to high temperatures increases the risk of heat-related illnesses, such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke. This not only affects workers’ health but also leads to higher absenteeism and reduced output.
Employees in retail and service sectors, who often work in non-air-conditioned environments, face similar challenges. The discomfort caused by heat can lead to lower morale and decreased customer service quality, affecting the overall business performance.
The economic impact of reduced productivity due to high temperatures can be substantial. A report by the Asian Development Bank estimates that heat stress could cost developing countries billions of dollars annually due to lost labour productivity.
Employers should prioritise investing in cooling systems and ensuring adequate hydration and rest breaks for workers to mitigate the effects of extreme heat. For those in outdoor labour, implementing safety measures can significantly reduce the risks associated with high temperatures.
Government policies also play a crucial role in promoting workplace safety during heatwaves. Implementing guidelines for safe working conditions in extreme heat and enforcing regulations are essential steps to protect workers and maintain productivity. These measures can ensure that safety standards are adhered to, reducing the risk of heat-related illnesses and improving overall efficiency.
In addition, businesses can adopt heat-adaptive strategies to manage the challenges posed by rising temperatures. Flexible working hours to avoid peak heat periods and remote working options, where feasible, can help minimise exposure to extreme heat.
Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water is crucial to prevent dehydration and heat-related illnesses. Aim to drink at least 8-10 glasses of water a day, and increase intake if engaging in physical activities. Avoid caffeinated and alcoholic beverages, as they can contribute to dehydration.
Wear appropriate clothing: Lightweight, loose-fitting, and light-coloured clothing can help keep the body cool. Natural fabrics like cotton are more breathable compared to synthetic materials. In outdoor settings, wearing a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses can also offer additional protection.
Take regular breaks: For those working in hot environments, regular breaks in shaded or air-conditioned areas are essential. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recommends a rest break every hour, especially during peak heat periods.
Use cooling devices: Personal cooling devices, such as fans, cooling vests, and misting bottles, can help regulate body temperature. In office settings, ensuring good ventilation and using desk fans can provide relief from heat.
Adjust work hours: Scheduling work during cooler parts of the day can reduce exposure to extreme heat. Early morning or late afternoon shifts are often cooler and can help maintain productivity while minimising heat stress.
Implement heat-adaptation strategies: For outdoor labour, provide shaded rest areas and ensure workers have access to cooling stations. Incorporate heat-adaptive measures such as scheduling heavier tasks during cooler times of the day.
Healthy eating: Consuming light and nutritious meals can help the body manage heat more effectively. Foods with high water content, such as fruits and vegetables, can aid in hydration and help maintain energy levels.
